The War of the Roses

To help you keep track, here’s a scorecard of what we now call the Wars of the Roses or The Cousins’ War (courtesy of the novelists).  Corollary events are included.

Plucking the Red and White Roses in the Old Temple Gardens by Henry Arthur Payne (1868 – 1940) Birmingham City Art Gallery.

Date Location Combatants Victor
22 May 1455 St. Albans Richard, Duke of York, Earl of Warwick, Earl of Salisbury vs. Henry VI & Duke of Somerset

Yorkist

23 September 1459 Blore Heath Earl of Salisbury vs. James, Lord Audley

Yorkist

13-14 October 1459 Ludlow York, Salisbury & Warwick vs. Henry VI and Somerset. The Yorkist army retreats in the night when discover they are outnumbered. The Duke of York and his second son, Edmund Earl of Rutland escape to Ireland while the Earl of Warwick and York’s eldest son Edward, Earl of March escape to Calais.

Lancastrian

10 July 1460 Northampton Warwick & Earl of March vs. Henry VI & Duke of Buckingham. King Henry VI is captured

Yorkist

10 October 1460 London Duke of York claims throne at Westminister
31 October 1460 Duke of York becomes heir to King Henry VI, displacing Edward, Prince of Wales
30 December 1460 Wakefield York vs. Somerset Richard, Duke of York is killed, his son Edmund Earl of Rutland is assassinated by Lord Clifford

Lancastrian

February 1461 Mortimer’s Cross Earl of March vs. Earl of Pembroke Owen Tudor is executed.          Yorkist

17 February 1461 St. Albans Earl of Warwick vs. Margaret of Anjou. King Henry VI is reclaimed by the Lancastrians

Lancastrian

27 February 1461 London Earls of March and Warwick enter London unopposed
4 March 1461 Edward, Earl of March proclaimed King Edward IV at St. Paul’s Cross
29 March 1461 Towton King Edward IV, Warwick, Norfolk vs. Duke of Somerset

Yorkist

28 June 1461 Westminster King Edward IV crowned
25 April 1464 Hedgeley Moor John Neville, Baron Montague vs. Duke of Somerset

Yorkist

15 May 1464 Linnolds Montague vs. Somerset

Yorkist

11 July 1469 Calais, France George, Duke of Clarence marries Isabel Neville
26 July 1469 Edgecote Field William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke vs. Robin of Redesdale & Warwick advance party
29 July 1469 Near Coventry King Edward IV captured by Warwick
12 March 1470 Empingham “Lose-Coat Field” Edward IV vs. Sir Robert Welles (Warwick and Clarence)

Yorkist

13 October 1470 Westminster King Henry VI crowned again (Readeption)
1 November 1470 Westminster Edward, first son of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville born – future Edward V
13 December 1470 Amboise, France Edward of Lancaster, Prince of Wales marries Anne Neville
11 March 1471 Flushing, Holland Edward IV sails to England
14 April 1471 Barnet Edward IV vs. Earl of Warwick Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick and his brother John Neville, Baron Montague both killed

Yorkist

4 May 1471 Tewkesbury Edward IV vs. Duke of Somerset Edward of Lancaster killed, Margaret of Anjou captured.

Yorkist

12 May 1471 London William Lord Fauconberg, Earl of Kent attacks with followers from Kent and Essex. Retreats at news of Edward IV’s arrival in London.
18 February 1478 London George, Duke of Clarence executed in the Tower for treason.
25 August 1482 Saumur, France Margaret of Anjou dies at age 53.
9 April 1483 London King Edward IV dies
6 July 1483 London Richard, Duke of Gloucester crowned as King Richard III
10 October 1483 Southern England Buckingham’s Rebellion
22 August 1485 Market Bosworth Richard III vs. Henry Tudor King Richard is killed on the field.

Tudor

(Lancastrian)

16 June 1487 Stoke Earl of Oxford & Henry VII vs. Earl of Lincoln & Francis Viscount Lovell

Tudor